Ex-Dividend: Meaning and Date (2024)

What Is Ex-Dividend?

A dividend is a cash payment to shareholders as a reward for investing in company stock orequity shares. Ex-dividend means a company's dividend allocations have been specified. The ex-dividend date or "ex-date" is usually one business day before the record date.

Investors who purchase a stock on its ex-dividend date or after will not receive the next dividend payment. Instead, the seller gets the dividend. Investors only get dividends if they buy the stock before the ex-dividend date.

Key Takeaways

  • Ex-dividend means a company's dividend allocations have been specified.
  • The ex-dividend date is when the stock begins trading without the subsequent dividend value.
  • Investors who purchase stock before the ex-dividend date are entitled to the next dividend payment while those who purchase stock on or after the ex-dividend date are not.

Ex-Dividend Date

A stock trades ex-dividend on andafter the ex-dividend dateor ex-date.Investors who buy a stock on the ex-dividend date or after will not receive the next dividend payment. Since buyers aren't entitled to the next dividend payment on theex-date, the stock will be priced lower by the amount of the dividend by the exchange.

Some broker platforms might use an XD suffix to the stock's ticker to indicate it is trading ex-dividend.

Declaring Dividends

When a company declares a dividend, its board of directors establishes arecord date when investors must be on record as shareholders to receive the dividend payment. Once the record date is set, the ex-dividend date is also determined according to the exchange ruleson which the stock is traded.

The ex-dividend date is one business day before the record date. For example, if a company declares a dividend on March 3 with a record date of Monday, April 11, the ex-dividend date would be Friday, April 8, because it’s one business day before the record date. The ex-dividend date is before the record date because of how stock trades are settled.

After a stock trade, the transaction isn't settled for one business day, known as the "T+1" settlement. Investors with stock on Thursday, April 7 that is sold on Friday, April 8 would still be the shareholder of record on Monday, April 11, because the trade hasn't settled. However, if the stock sold on Wednesday, April 6, the trade would be settled on Thursday, April 7, before the ex-dividend date of Friday, April 8, and the new buyer would be entitled to the dividend.

Ex-Dividend: Meaning and Date (1)

Stock Price and Ex-Dividend

On average, a stock price will drop slightly less than the dividend amount. Given that stock prices move daily, the fluctuation caused by small dividends may be difficult to detect. The effect on stocks from larger dividend payments can be easier to observe.

If a company issues a dividend in stock instead of cash or the cash dividend is 25% or more of the value of the stock, the ex-dividend date rules differ. With a stock or large cash dividend, the ex-dividend date is set on the first business day after the dividend is paid.

Key Dividend-Related Dates

  • Declaration date: This is the date when a company's board of directors announces the dividend distribution. Any change in the expected dividend can cause the stock to rise or fall quickly as traders adjust their expectations. The ex-date and record date will occur after the declaration date.
  • Record date: This is when the company reviews who the shareholders of record are. The record date is one business day after the ex-date.
  • Payment date: Dividend checks are sent or credited to investor accounts.

What Is an Example of a Dividend Payment?

Suppose Company XYZ pays a $0.53 per share dividend on June 2, 2024. The payment goes to shareholders who had purchased stock before the ex-date of May 5, 2024. The company declared the dividend on Feb. 19, 2024, and the record date was set as May 6, 2024. Onlyshareholders who purchased the stock before the ex-dividend date are entitled to the payment.

Why Does the Stock Price Fall on the Ex-Dividend Date?

The price of a stock tends to fall by the amount of the dividend on its ex-dividend date, reflecting that its assets will soon be dropping by the amount of the dividend.

How Does the Ex-Dividend Date Help Investors?

If an investing strategy is focused on income, knowing when the ex-date occurs helps investors plan their trade entries. However, because the stock's price drops by about the same value as the dividend, buying a stock right before the ex-date shouldn't result in any profits. The same applies if investors buy on or after the ex-date and get a "discount" for the dividend they won’t receive.

The Bottom Line

The ex-dividend date is one of four steps a company follows when paying dividends. The declaration date is when a company states its plans to issue a dividend. The record date is when the company determines which shareholders are entitled to a dividend. The ex-dividend date is usually the day before the record date. The payment date is the day when dividend payments are made.

Correction—Nov. 28, 2023: This article has been corrected to state the date when a new buyer would be entitled to a dividend.

Ex-Dividend: Meaning and Date (2024)

FAQs

Ex-Dividend: Meaning and Date? ›

The ex-dividend date or "ex-date" is usually one business day before the record date. Investors who purchase a stock on its ex-dividend date or after will not receive the next dividend payment. Instead, the seller gets the dividend. Investors only get dividends if they buy the stock before the ex-dividend date.

Is it good to buy on an ex-dividend date? ›

Use the ex-dividend date (and record date) as an investing strategy to get the most dividend returns. Knowing your ex-dividend date, and record date, will help you get full value from your dividends, but trying to make a quick buck buying and selling around key dividend dates is not worth the risk.

How many days before ex-dividend date to buy? ›

If you buy a stock one day before the ex-dividend, you will get the dividend. If you buy on the ex-dividend date or any day after, you won't get the dividend. Conversely, if you want to sell a stock and still get a dividend that has been declared, you need to hang onto it until the ex-dividend day.

Will I get dividends if I sell on an ex-date? ›

Can I sell shares on ex-date? Yes, as an investor, you can sell your shares on the ex-dividend date and still get the company's dividend.

How long do you have to hold a stock to get the dividend? ›

The ex-dividend date is the first day the stock trades without its dividend, thus ex-dividend. If you want to get the dividend payment, you need to own the stock by this day. That means you have to buy before the end of the day before the ex-dividend date to get the next dividend.

Do stocks go up after ex-dividend? ›

The value of a share of stock goes down by about the dividend amount when the stock goes ex-dividend. Investors who own mutual funds, stocks, and other securities should find out the ex-dividend date for those investments and evaluate how the distribution will affect their tax bill.

Should I sell before or after ex-dividend? ›

Another important note to consider: as long as you purchase a stock prior to the ex-dividend date, you can then sell the stock any time on or after the ex-dividend date and still receive the dividend. A common misconception is that investors need to hold the stock through the record date or pay date.

Why do stock prices fall on ex-dividend? ›

Why Does the Stock Price Fall on the Ex-Dividend Date? The price of a stock tends to fall by the amount of the dividend on its ex-dividend date, reflecting that its assets will soon be dropping by the amount of the dividend.

What are the three important dates for dividends? ›

When it comes to investing for dividends, there are three key dates that everyone should memorize. The three dates are the date of declaration, date of record, and date of payment.

Which company pays the highest dividend? ›

The top dividend-paying stocks in India are:
  • Coal India Ltd.
  • Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd.
  • HCL Technologies Ltd.
  • Power Grid Corporation of India Ltd.
  • Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd.
  • Infosys Ltd.
  • ITC Ltd.
6 days ago

How do I make 500 a month in dividends? ›

Dividend-paying Stocks

Shares of public companies that split profits with shareholders by paying cash dividends yield between 2% and 6% a year. With that in mind, putting $250,000 into low-yielding dividend stocks or $83,333 into high-yielding shares will get your $500 a month.

What is the 45 day rule for dividends? ›

The 45 day rule (sometimes called dividend stripping) requires shareholders to have held the shares 'at risk' for at least 45 days (plus the purchase day and sale day) in order to be eligible to claim franking credits in their tax returns.

What are the disadvantages of dividend stocks? ›

Despite their storied histories, they cut their dividends. 9 In other words, dividends are not guaranteed and are subject to macroeconomic and company-specific risks. Another downside to dividend-paying stocks is that companies that pay dividends are not usually high-growth leaders.

Does price go down on ex-dividend date? ›

The stock price drops by the amount of the dividend on the ex-dividend date. Remember, the ex-dividend date is the day before the record date. If investors want to receive a stock's dividend, they have to buy shares of stock before the ex-dividend date.

Will I get bonus shares if I buy on an ex-date? ›

However, to qualify for bonus shares, the company stocks must be bought before the ex-date. Any stocks bought on the ex-date shall not be eligible for an issue of bonus shares as the ownership of the stocks cannot be gained by the investor before the record date.

Why buy stocks that don't pay dividends? ›

Advantages of non-dividend-paying stock

These funds can be used by the business for expansion, new products, reducing debt, or other needs. This reinvestment can result in higher capital appreciation and an outperforming stock price.

Is investing in dividend stocks a good idea? ›

Dividend investing can be a great investment strategy. Dividend stocks have historically outperformed the S&P 500 with less volatility. That's because dividend stocks provide two sources of return: regular income from dividend payments and capital appreciation of the stock price. This total return can add up over time.

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